保留对侧骶神经孔的部分骶骨及骶髂关节整块切除术

Abstract

目的 探讨累及部分骶骨及一侧骶髂关节的骶骨恶性肿瘤采用保留对侧神经孔、纵行半侧或超半侧骶骨整块切除的手术入路及切除方式.方法 2005年2月至2010年7月间,共有16例累及部分骶骨及一侧骶髂关节的骶骨恶性肿瘤患者接受矢状位纵行半侧或超半侧骶骨(保留对侧骶神经孔)肿瘤整块切除及功能重建手术.男10例,女6例；年龄17～70岁,平均37.9岁.软骨肉瘤5例、Ewing肉瘤3例、恶性神经鞘瘤2例、骨肉瘤2例、恶性骨巨细胞瘤1例、淋巴瘤1例、转移瘤2例.结果 手术时间4.0～11.5 h,平均6.5h；术中出血量1500～5500 ml,平均3600 ml.5例患者为Ⅰ型切除,11例患者为Ⅱ型切除.随访时间21～59个月,平均34.4个月.术后3个月进行功能评估,除3例患者保留患侧S1神经根者外,其余13例均出现患侧足踝跖屈功能障碍.所有16例患者均不同程度地保留了括约肌功能.无围手术期死亡患者.4例(25％)术后出现切口并发症,经手术清创、引流后愈合.7例(43.8％)出现局部复发,6例病灶内手术者中5例局部复发,4例为骶骨侧复发,1例为软组织复发.8例(50.0％)无瘤生存,2例(12.5％)患者带瘤生存,6例(37.5％)患者死于肿瘤.结论 保留对侧神经孔、纵行半侧或超半侧骶骨整块切除具有可操作性,相对于全骶骨切除有着较好的功能学结果.

Objective To evaluate effect of en bloc resection of malignant sacral tumor involving partial sacrum and ipsilateral sacroiliac joint with reservation of contralateral sacral foramina.Methods Between February 2005 and July 2010,16 patients with malignant sacral tumor involving partial sacrum and ipsilateral sacroiliac joint underwent hemi-sacrectomy and functional reconstruction.The operation achieved en bloc resection of tumor with reservation of contralateral sacral foramina.There were 10 males and 6 females,aged from 17 to 70 years (average,37.9 years).There were 5 cases of chondrosarcoma,3 cases of Ewing's sarcoma,2 cases of malignant schwannoma,2 cases of osteosarcoma,1 case of malignant giant cell tumor of bone,1 case of lymphoma and 2 cases of metastatic tumor.Results The surgical time ranged from 4 to 11.5 hours (average,6.5 hours).The average blood loss was 3600 ml (range,1500 to 5500 ml).Five patients underwent type Ⅰ resection,while 11 patients underwent type Ⅱ resection.All patients were followed up for 21 to 59 months (average,34.4 months).Three months after operation,13 patients had difficulty with ankle plantar flexion,while sphincter function was more or less reserved in 16 patients.Four patients (25％)had wound healing complications,which was cured after debridement and drainage.Local recurrence occurred in 7 patients.There were 5 cases of local recurrence among 6 patients who had intralesional margin;4 recurrence lesions located in the sacrum and 1 in soft tissue.Eight patients (50.0％) survived without tumor,2 patients (12.5％)survived with tumor,and 6 patients (37.5％) died of tumor.Conclusion The en bloc resection of tumor involving partial sacrum and ipsilateral sacroiliac joint with reservation of contralateral sacral foramina was feasible and had better outcome compared with total sacrectomy.