2009年中国12家教学医院革兰阳性球菌耐药性研究

Abstract

目的 调查2009年我国革兰阳性球菌临床分离株的耐药性.方法 收集2009年6-12月9个城市12家教学医院临床分离的1169株非重复革兰阳性球菌.采用琼脂稀释法测定抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值.结果 金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐苯唑西林菌株分别占45.3%(211/466)和89.5%(214/239);不同标本苯唑西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)分离率为33.3%～68.1%.未发现对替考拉宁、万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的葡萄球菌.5.5%(7/128)的屎肠球菌对万古霉素耐药,未发现万古霉素耐药的粪肠球菌;粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对利奈唑胺的敏感率约为99.1%(108/109).肺炎链球菌中青霉素中介株(P1SP)分离率为21.6%(48/222),仅发现1株青霉素耐药株(PRSP),占0.5%(1/222);未发现对替考拉宁、万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的肺炎链球菌.结论 葡萄球菌中苯唑西林耐药菌株仍有较高的分离率,不同标本类型MRSA的分离率有所不同.替考拉宁、万古霉素和利奈唑胺对葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌和肺炎链球菌具有很好的抗菌活性.

Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance among gram-positive cocci in China in 2009. Methods From June to December 2009, 1169 consecutive and non-repetitive gram-positive cocci were collected from 12 teaching hospitals at 9 cities. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibacterial agents was determined by agar dilution method. Results The prevalences of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCoNS) were 45.3% (211/466) and 89. 5% (214/239), respectively. The isolation rate of MRSA was 33. 3%-68. 1% from different samples. All Staphylococci isolates were susceptible to vacomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Five point five percent (7/128) E. faecium strains were resistant to vacomycin. All E.faecalis strains were susceptible to vacomycin. About 99. 1% (108/109) of E. faecalis and E. faecium were susceptible to linezoild. The prevalence of penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae (PISP) was 21.6% (48/222). Only 1 (0. 5%, 1/222) Streptococcus pneumoniae strain was resistant to penicillin.Teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline were the most active agents against Streptococcus pneumoniae (susceptible rate 100% ). Conclusions The high prevalence of methicillin-resistance is among Staphylococcus strains. Different samples show a different MRSA prevalence. Teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid show very high activity to Staphylococci,E. faecalis, E. faecium and Streptococcus pneumoniae.