东北某农村地区小学教师预防儿童性侵犯知识态度和教育活动状况

Abstract

目的:了解农村小学教师预防儿童性侵犯的知识、态度和教育活动状况.本研究结果将为今后教师培训提供参考.方法:于2014年3月在东北某农村地区同意参加这项调查的3所学校中,对小学教师进行了调查,有122名教师参与并返回了有效调查表,调查内容涉及相关知识、态度和开展教育活动情况.结果:本调查的10个知识条目,有77％的教师能正确回答其中的6～10个条目;很少有教师能够认识到侵犯者多为儿童熟悉的人(40.2％),只有约1/2的教师在学校给学生讲过熟悉的人也有可能对儿童进行性侵犯(59.8％),和身体隐私部位不能随便被别人看和触摸(52.5％);只有约1/4的教师回答曾参与过有关预防儿童性侵犯的培训,或参与的培训包括了预防儿童性侵犯;大多数教师表示赞成在小学开展预防儿童性侵犯教育(91％).对预防性侵犯教育持赞成态度和参与过培训,是教师开展预防性侵犯教育的促进因素.结论:农村小学教师预防儿童性侵犯教育知识有限,亟需对教师进行培训.

Objectives:To understand the elementary school teachers' knowledge,attitudes and practice of child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention education in a rural area of northeast China,in order to provide references for the CSA prevention education training of teachers.Methods:122 teachers from 3 elementary schools were surveyed by self-administered questionnaire anonymously in March 2014.The survey contents included relative knowledge,attitudes and educational practice.Results:Of the 10 knowledge items in the questionnaire,77％ of the teachers answered correctly in 6 ～ 10 items.Overall,less than half teachers knew that children were most likely to be sexually abused by people familiar to them (40.2％).CSA prevention education was still limited,and only 59.8％ of teachers had taught that the perpetrators of CSA might be the people who were familiar to children,and 52.5％ of teachers had taught that private parts of the body cannot be seen or touched by others.Only one fourth of the teachers had participated in the related CSA prevention training.Most teachers (91％) agreed to conduct CSA prevention education in elementary school.The positive attitude towards school CSA prevention education and the training experience were the promoting factors for teachers' education practices of CSA prevention in their school.Conclusion:The teachers' knowledge of CSA prevention is limited,so it is urgent to conduct relevant training among the teachers.