城市市政基础设施的邻避效应评价方法研究

Abstract

从城市基础设施产生邻避效应的原因出发,分析各种基础设施的规模、性质和空间分布状况对邻避效应的作用性质和影响程度,结合人口的分布状况,以设施的防护距离、影响范围和影响作用面积为主要参数,构建了城市区域邻避指数的评价体系,定量评价区域总体的邻避效应.以北京市海淀区为例,评估邻避效应分布情况,并利用GIS技术得到邻避效应空间分布状况.研究结果表明:海淀区邻避效应空间分异显著,邻避指数总体上呈现南部高北部低的分布特征,与地区发展规划、邻避设施分布与人口密集程度有着密切关系.合理的邻避效应评价方法可为城市规划、建设、管理和环保设施布局提供指导.

From the cause generated by NIMBY (Not in my back yard) effect, the authors analyze the size, nature and distribution of each infrastructure. Taking the distribution of the population, protection zone and maximum impact range as main parameters, this paper constructs the NIMBY-index method to evaluate regional NIMBY effect. Taking Haidian district in Beijing as example, this paper assesses the NIMBY-effect distribution and uses the GIS technology to achieve the NIMBY spatial distribution. The result shows that the NIMBY-effect spatial varies significantly in Haidian District, and the NIMBY-index is high in the south and low in the north, which has a close relationship with regional development planning, NIMBY facilities distribution and population density. The evaluation method can be used to provide guidance for urban planning, construction, management and layout of environmental protection facilities.