北京市社区高血压患者血压控制影响因素Logistic回归分析

Abstract

目的 了解社区高血压患者血压控制现状及影响因素,为社区高血压防控提供新思路.方法 采取简单随机抽样,在顺义区随机选取8个社区卫生服务中心,纳入符合标准的596例自愿报名参加的高血压患者作为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷对调查对象进行面对面问卷调查.结果 本次调查高血压患者,男性193例(32.4％),女性403例(67.6％),血压控制率分别为60.1％、64.3％.不同年龄、文化程度、家庭收入、高血压病程、血压分级和抽烟,高血压控制率差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示血压分级(Ⅰ级:OR =0.560,95％Cl:0.355～0.886;Ⅱ级:OR =0.600,95％Cl:0.378～0.954)、年龄(50～ 60组:OR =0.503,95％Cl:0.326～0.776)、文化程度(初中:OR=3.248,95％Cl:1.268～8.315;高中/中专/技校:OR=2.989,95％Cl:1.112～8.036)是高血压患者血压控制的影响因素.结论 在开展社区高血压病防治中,应尽可能在病程早期进行规范药物治疗和行为干预,同时注意对文化程度偏低、诊断时血压水平较高患者的特别关注.

Objective To understand the current situation and influence factors of blood pressure control in community hypertension patients,and to provide new ideas for preventing and controlling community hypertension.Methods 8 community health service centers were randomly selected,and 596 voluntary patients with primary hypertension who met the inclusion criteria in Shunyi District of Beijing were enquired by self-designed questionnaire and physical measurement table.Results In this study,a total of 596 patients with hypertension were enrolled,including 193 males (32.4％) and 403 females (67.6％),and the blood pressure control rates were 60.1％ and 64.3％,respectively.Age,education,family income,hypertension duration,blood pressure classification,smoking and the difference of control rates of hypertension were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that blood pressure classification (classification Ⅰ:OR =0.560,95％ Cl:0.355-0.886;classification Ⅱ:OR =0.600,95％ Cl:0.378-0.954),age (50-60:OR =0.503,95％ Cl:0.326-0.776) and cultural degrees (Middle school:OR =3.248,95％ Cl:1.268-8.315;High school/secondary school/technical school:OR =2.989,95 ％ Cl:1.112-8.036) were the influencing factors of blood pressure control in hypertension patients.Conclusion In the prevention and control of community hypertension,we should standardize drug treatment and behavioral intervention at the early stage of the disease and pay much attention to patients with low education levels and high blood pressure at diagnosis.